author | Nicolas Chauvat <nicolas.chauvat@logilab.fr> |
Fri, 16 Nov 2012 12:28:30 +0100 | |
branch | stable |
changeset 8597 | 293a595f4365 |
parent 8331 | fada118921d6 |
child 9285 | e7c94121ce9d |
permissions | -rw-r--r-- |
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.. -*- coding: utf-8 -*- |
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.. _ConfigEnv: |
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Set-up of a *CubicWeb* environment |
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================================== |
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You can `configure the database`_ system of your choice: |
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- `PostgreSQL configuration`_ |
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- `MySql configuration`_ |
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- `SQLServer configuration`_ |
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- `SQLite configuration`_ |
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For advanced features, have a look to: |
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- `Pyro configuration`_ |
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- `Cubicweb resources configuration`_ |
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.. _`configure the database`: DatabaseInstallation_ |
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.. _`PostgreSQL configuration`: PostgresqlConfiguration_ |
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.. _`MySql configuration`: MySqlConfiguration_ |
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.. _`SQLServer configuration`: SQLServerConfiguration_ |
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.. _`SQLite configuration`: SQLiteConfiguration_ |
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.. _`Pyro configuration`: PyroConfiguration_ |
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.. _`Cubicweb resources configuration`: RessourcesConfiguration_ |
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.. _RessourcesConfiguration: |
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Cubicweb resources configuration |
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-------------------------------- |
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.. autodocstring:: cubicweb.cwconfig |
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.. _DatabaseInstallation: |
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Databases configuration |
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----------------------- |
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Each instance can be configured with its own database connection information, |
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that will be stored in the instance's :file:`sources` file. The database to use |
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will be chosen when creating the instance. CubicWeb is known to run with |
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Postgresql (recommended), MySQL, SQLServer and SQLite. |
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Other possible sources of data include CubicWeb, Subversion, LDAP and Mercurial, |
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but at least one relational database is required for CubicWeb to work. You do |
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not need to install a backend that you do not intend to use for one of your |
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instances. SQLite is not fit for production use, but it works well for testing |
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and ships with Python, which saves installation time when you want to get |
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started quickly. |
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.. _PostgresqlConfiguration: |
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PostgreSQL |
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~~~~~~~~~~ |
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For installation, please refer to the `PostgreSQL project online documentation`_. |
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.. _`PostgreSQL project online documentation`: http://www.postgresql.org/ |
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You need to install the three following packages: `postgresql-8.X`, |
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`postgresql-client-8.X`, and `postgresql-plpython-8.X`. If you run postgres |
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version prior to 8.3, you'll also need the `postgresql-contrib-8.X` package for |
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full-text search extension. |
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If you run postgres on another host than the |cubicweb| repository, you should |
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install the `postgresql-client` package on the |cubicweb| host, and others on the |
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database host. |
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Database cluster |
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++++++++++++++++ |
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If you already have an existing cluster and PostgreSQL server running, you do |
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not need to execute the initilization step of your PostgreSQL database unless |
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you want a specific cluster for |cubicweb| databases or if your existing |
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cluster doesn't use the UTF8 encoding (see note below). |
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To initialize a PostgreSQL cluster, use the command ``initdb``:: |
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$ initdb -E UTF8 -D /path/to/pgsql |
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Notice the encoding specification. This is necessary since |cubicweb| usually |
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want UTF8 encoded database. If you use a cluster with the wrong encoding, you'll |
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get error like:: |
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new encoding (UTF8) is incompatible with the encoding of the template database (SQL_ASCII) |
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HINT: Use the same encoding as in the template database, or use template0 as template. |
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Once initialized, start the database server PostgreSQL with the command:: |
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$ postgres -D /path/to/psql |
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If you cannot execute this command due to permission issues, please make sure |
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that your username has write access on the database. :: |
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$ chown username /path/to/pgsql |
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Database authentication |
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+++++++++++++++++++++++ |
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The database authentication is configured in `pg_hba.conf`. It can be either set |
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to `ident sameuser` or `md5`. If set to `md5`, make sure to use an existing |
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user of your database. If set to `ident sameuser`, make sure that your client's |
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operating system user name has a matching user in the database. If not, please |
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do as follow to create a user:: |
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$ su |
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$ su - postgres |
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$ createuser -s -P username |
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The option `-P` (for password prompt), will encrypt the password with the |
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method set in the configuration file :file:`pg_hba.conf`. If you do not use this |
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option `-P`, then the default value will be null and you will need to set it |
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with:: |
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$ su postgres -c "echo ALTER USER username WITH PASSWORD 'userpasswd' | psql" |
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The above login/password will be requested when you will create an instance with |
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`cubicweb-ctl create` to initialize the database of your instance. |
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Notice that the `cubicweb-ctl db-create` does database initialization that |
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may requires a postgres superuser. That's why a login/password is explicitly asked |
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at this step, so you can use there a superuser without using this user when running |
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the instance. Things that require special privileges at this step: |
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* database creation, require the 'create database' permission |
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* install the plpython extension language (require superuser) |
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* install the tsearch extension for postgres version prior to 8.3 (require superuser) |
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To avoid using a super user each time you create an install, a nice trick is to |
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install plpython (and tsearch when needed) on the special `template1` database, |
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so they will be installed automatically when cubicweb databases are created |
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without even with needs for special access rights. To do so, run :: |
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# Installation of plpythonu language by default :: |
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$ createlang -U pgadmin plpythonu template1 |
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$ psql -U pgadmin template1 |
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template1=# update pg_language set lanpltrusted=TRUE where lanname='plpythonu'; |
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Where `pgadmin` is a postgres superuser. The last command is necessary since by |
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default plpython is an 'untrusted' language and as such can't be used by non |
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superuser. This update fix that problem by making it trusted. |
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To install the tsearch plain-text index extension on postgres prior to 8.3, run:: |
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cat /usr/share/postgresql/8.X/contrib/tsearch2.sql | psql -U username template1 |
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.. _MySqlConfiguration: |
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MySql |
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~~~~~ |
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You must add the following lines in ``/etc/mysql/my.cnf`` file:: |
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transaction-isolation=READ-COMMITTED |
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default-storage-engine=INNODB |
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default-character-set=utf8 |
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max_allowed_packet = 128M |
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.. Note:: |
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It is unclear whether mysql supports indexed string of arbitrary length or |
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not. |
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.. _SQLServerConfiguration: |
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SQLServer |
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~~~~~~~~~ |
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As of this writing, support for SQLServer 2005 is functional but incomplete. You |
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should be able to connect, create a database and go quite far, but some of the |
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SQL generated from RQL queries is still currently not accepted by the |
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backend. Porting to SQLServer 2008 is also an item on the backlog. |
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The `source` configuration file may look like this (specific parts only are |
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shown):: |
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[system] |
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db-driver=sqlserver2005 |
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db-user=someuser |
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# database password not needed |
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#db-password=toto123 |
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#db-create/init may ask for a pwd: just say anything |
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db-extra-arguments=Trusted_Connection |
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db-encoding=utf8 |
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You need to change the default settings on the database by running:: |
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ALTER DATABASE <databasename> SET READ_COMMITTED_SNAPSHOT ON; |
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The ALTER DATABASE command above requires some permissions that your |
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user may not have. In that case you will have to ask your local DBA to |
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run the query for you. |
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You can check that the setting is correct by running the following |
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query which must return '1':: |
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SELECT is_read_committed_snapshot_on |
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FROM sys.databases WHERE name='<databasename>'; |
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.. _SQLiteConfiguration: |
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SQLite |
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~~~~~~ |
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SQLite has the great advantage of requiring almost no configuration. Simply |
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use 'sqlite' as db-driver, and set path to the dabase as db-name. Don't specify |
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anything for db-user and db-password, they will be ignore anyway. |
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.. Note:: |
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SQLite is great for testing and to play with cubicweb but is not suited for |
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production environments. |
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.. _PyroConfiguration: |
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Pyro configuration |
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------------------ |
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Pyro name server |
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ |
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If you want to use Pyro to access your instance remotely, or to have multi-source |
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or distributed configuration, it is required to have a Pyro name server running |
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on your network. By default it is detected by a broadcast request, but you can |
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specify a location in the instance's configuration file. |
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To do so, you need to : |
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* be sure to have installed it (see :ref:`InstallDependencies`) |
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* launch the pyro name server with `pyro-nsd start` before starting cubicweb |
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* under debian, edit the file :file:`/etc/default/pyro-nsd` so that the name |
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server pyro will be launched automatically when the machine fire up |
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Note that you can use the pyro server without a running pyro nameserver. |
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Refer to `pyro-ns-host` server configuration option for details. |
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