# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""This module provides tools to import tabular data.
:organization: Logilab
:copyright: 2001-2010 LOGILAB S.A. (Paris, FRANCE), license is LGPL v2.
:contact: http://www.logilab.fr/ -- mailto:contact@logilab.fr
:license: GNU Lesser General Public License, v2.1 - http://www.gnu.org/licenses
Example of use (run this with `cubicweb-ctl shell instance import-script.py`):
.. sourcecode:: python
from cubicweb.devtools.dataimport import *
# define data generators
GENERATORS = []
USERS = [('Prenom', 'firstname', ()),
('Nom', 'surname', ()),
('Identifiant', 'login', ()),
]
def gen_users(ctl):
for row in ctl.get_data('utilisateurs'):
entity = mk_entity(row, USERS)
entity['upassword'] = u'motdepasse'
ctl.check('login', entity['login'], None)
ctl.store.add('CWUser', entity)
email = {'address': row['email']}
ctl.store.add('EmailAddress', email)
ctl.store.relate(entity['eid'], 'use_email', email['eid'])
ctl.store.rql('SET U in_group G WHERE G name "users", U eid %(x)s', {'x':entity['eid']})
CHK = [('login', check_doubles, 'Utilisateurs Login',
'Deux utilisateurs ne devraient pas avoir le même login.'),
]
GENERATORS.append( (gen_users, CHK) )
# create controller
ctl = CWImportController(RQLObjectStore())
ctl.askerror = 1
ctl.generators = GENERATORS
ctl.store._checkpoint = checkpoint
ctl.store._rql = rql
ctl.data['utilisateurs'] = lazytable(utf8csvreader(open('users.csv')))
# run
ctl.run()
sys.exit(0)
.. BUG fichier à une colonne pose un problème de parsing
.. TODO rollback()
"""
__docformat__ = "restructuredtext en"
import sys
import csv
import traceback
import os.path as osp
from StringIO import StringIO
from copy import copy
from logilab.common import shellutils
from logilab.common.date import strptime
from logilab.common.decorators import cached
from logilab.common.deprecation import deprecated
def ucsvreader_pb(filepath, encoding='utf-8', separator=',', quote='"',
skipfirst=False, withpb=True):
"""same as ucsvreader but a progress bar is displayed as we iter on rows"""
if not osp.exists(filepath):
raise Exception("file doesn't exists: %s" % filepath)
rowcount = int(shellutils.Execute('wc -l "%s"' % filepath).out.strip().split()[0])
if skipfirst:
rowcount -= 1
if withpb:
pb = shellutils.ProgressBar(rowcount, 50)
for urow in ucsvreader(file(filepath), encoding, separator, quote, skipfirst):
yield urow
if withpb:
pb.update()
print ' %s rows imported' % rowcount
def ucsvreader(stream, encoding='utf-8', separator=',', quote='"',
skipfirst=False):
"""A csv reader that accepts files with any encoding and outputs unicode
strings
"""
it = iter(csv.reader(stream, delimiter=separator, quotechar=quote))
if skipfirst:
it.next()
for row in it:
yield [item.decode(encoding) for item in row]
def commit_every(nbit, store, it):
for i, x in enumerate(it):
yield x
if nbit is not None and i % nbit:
store.checkpoint()
if nbit is not None:
store.checkpoint()
def lazytable(reader):
"""The first row is taken to be the header of the table and
used to output a dict for each row of data.
>>> data = lazytable(utf8csvreader(open(filename)))
"""
header = reader.next()
for row in reader:
yield dict(zip(header, row))
def mk_entity(row, map):
"""Return a dict made from sanitized mapped values.
ValidationError can be raised on unexpected values found in checkers
>>> row = {'myname': u'dupont'}
>>> map = [('myname', u'name', (capitalize_if_unicase,))]
>>> mk_entity(row, map)
{'name': u'Dupont'}
>>> row = {'myname': u'dupont', 'optname': u''}
>>> map = [('myname', u'name', (capitalize_if_unicase,)),
... ('optname', u'MARKER', (optional,))]
>>> mk_entity(row, map)
{'name': u'Dupont'}
"""
res = {}
assert isinstance(row, dict)
assert isinstance(map, list)
for src, dest, funcs in map:
assert not (required in funcs and optional in funcs), \
"optional and required checks are exclusive"
res[dest] = row[src]
try:
for func in funcs:
res[dest] = func(res[dest])
if res[dest] is None:
break
except ValueError, err:
raise ValueError('error with %r field: %s' % (src, err))
return res
# user interactions ############################################################
def tell(msg):
print msg
def confirm(question):
"""A confirm function that asks for yes/no/abort and exits on abort."""
answer = shellutils.ASK.ask(question, ('Y', 'n', 'abort'), 'Y')
if answer == 'abort':
sys.exit(1)
return answer == 'Y'
class catch_error(object):
"""Helper for @contextmanager decorator."""
def __init__(self, ctl, key='unexpected error', msg=None):
self.ctl = ctl
self.key = key
self.msg = msg
def __enter__(self):
return self
def __exit__(self, type, value, traceback):
if type is not None:
if issubclass(type, (KeyboardInterrupt, SystemExit)):
return # re-raise
if self.ctl.catcherrors:
self.ctl.record_error(self.key, None, type, value, traceback)
return True # silent
# base sanitizing/coercing functions ###########################################
def optional(value):
"""validation error will not been raised if you add this checker in chain"""
if value:
return value
return None
def required(value):
"""raise ValueError is value is empty
This check should be often found in last position in the chain.
"""
if value:
return value
raise ValueError("required")
def todatetime(format='%d/%m/%Y'):
"""return a transformation function to turn string input value into a
`datetime.datetime` instance, using given format.
Follow it by `todate` or `totime` functions from `logilab.common.date` if
you want a `date`/`time` instance instead of `datetime`.
"""
def coerce(value):
return strptime(value, format)
return coerce
def call_transform_method(methodname, *args, **kwargs):
"""return value returned by calling the given method on input"""
def coerce(value):
return getattr(value, methodname)(*args, **kwargs)
return coerce
def call_check_method(methodname, *args, **kwargs):
"""check value returned by calling the given method on input is true,
else raise ValueError
"""
def check(value):
if getattr(value, methodname)(*args, **kwargs):
return value
raise ValueError('%s not verified on %r' % (methodname, value))
return check
# base integrity checking functions ############################################
def check_doubles(buckets):
"""Extract the keys that have more than one item in their bucket."""
return [(k, len(v)) for k, v in buckets.items() if len(v) > 1]
def check_doubles_not_none(buckets):
"""Extract the keys that have more than one item in their bucket."""
return [(k, len(v)) for k, v in buckets.items()
if k is not None and len(v) > 1]
# object stores #################################################################
class ObjectStore(object):
"""Store objects in memory for *faster* validation (development mode)
But it will not enforce the constraints of the schema and hence will miss some problems
>>> store = ObjectStore()
>>> user = {'login': 'johndoe'}
>>> store.add('CWUser', user)
>>> group = {'name': 'unknown'}
>>> store.add('CWUser', group)
>>> store.relate(user['eid'], 'in_group', group['eid'])
"""
def __init__(self):
self.items = []
self.eids = {}
self.types = {}
self.relations = set()
self.indexes = {}
self._rql = None
self._checkpoint = None
def _put(self, type, item):
self.items.append(item)
return len(self.items) - 1
def add(self, type, item):
assert isinstance(item, dict), 'item is not a dict but a %s' % type(item)
eid = item['eid'] = self._put(type, item)
self.eids[eid] = item
self.types.setdefault(type, []).append(eid)
def relate(self, eid_from, rtype, eid_to, inlined=False):
"""Add new relation (reverse type support is available)
>>> 1,2 = eid_from, eid_to
>>> self.relate(eid_from, 'in_group', eid_to)
1, 'in_group', 2
>>> self.relate(eid_from, 'reverse_in_group', eid_to)
2, 'in_group', 1
"""
if rtype.startswith('reverse_'):
eid_from, eid_to = eid_to, eid_from
rtype = rtype[8:]
relation = eid_from, rtype, eid_to
self.relations.add(relation)
return relation
def build_index(self, name, type, func=None):
index = {}
if func is None or not callable(func):
func = lambda x: x['eid']
for eid in self.types[type]:
index.setdefault(func(self.eids[eid]), []).append(eid)
assert index, "new index '%s' cannot be empty" % name
self.indexes[name] = index
def build_rqlindex(self, name, type, key, rql, rql_params=False, func=None):
"""build an index by rql query
rql should return eid in first column
ctl.store.build_index('index_name', 'users', 'login', 'Any U WHERE U is CWUser')
"""
rset = self.rql(rql, rql_params or {})
for entity in rset.entities():
getattr(entity, key) # autopopulate entity with key attribute
self.eids[entity.eid] = dict(entity)
if entity.eid not in self.types.setdefault(type, []):
self.types[type].append(entity.eid)
assert self.types[type], "new index type '%s' cannot be empty (0 record found)" % type
# Build index with specified key
func = lambda x: x[key]
self.build_index(name, type, func)
def fetch(self, name, key, unique=False, decorator=None):
"""
decorator is a callable method or an iterator of callable methods (usually a lambda function)
decorator=lambda x: x[:1] (first value is returned)
We can use validation check function available in _entity
"""
eids = self.indexes[name].get(key, [])
if decorator is not None:
if not hasattr(decorator, '__iter__'):
decorator = (decorator,)
for f in decorator:
eids = f(eids)
if unique:
assert len(eids) == 1, u'expected a single one value for key "%s" in index "%s". Got %i' % (key, name, len(eids))
eids = eids[0] # FIXME maybe it's better to keep an iterator here ?
return eids
def find(self, type, key, value):
for idx in self.types[type]:
item = self.items[idx]
if item[key] == value:
yield item
def rql(self, *args):
if self._rql is not None:
return self._rql(*args)
def checkpoint(self):
pass
@property
def nb_inserted_entities(self):
return len(self.eids)
@property
def nb_inserted_types(self):
return len(self.types)
@property
def nb_inserted_relations(self):
return len(self.relations)
@deprecated('[3.6] get_many() deprecated. Use fetch() instead')
def get_many(self, name, key):
return self.fetch(name, key, unique=False)
@deprecated('[3.6] get_one() deprecated. Use fetch(..., unique=True) instead')
def get_one(self, name, key):
return self.fetch(name, key, unique=True)
class RQLObjectStore(ObjectStore):
"""ObjectStore that works with an actual RQL repository (production mode)"""
_rql = None # bw compat
def __init__(self, session=None, checkpoint=None):
ObjectStore.__init__(self)
if session is not None:
if not hasattr(session, 'set_pool'):
# connection
cnx = session
session = session.request()
session.set_pool = lambda : None
checkpoint = checkpoint or cnx.commit
else:
session.set_pool()
self.session = session
self._checkpoint = checkpoint or session.commit
elif checkpoint is not None:
self._checkpoint = checkpoint
# XXX .session
def checkpoint(self):
self._checkpoint()
self.session.set_pool()
def rql(self, *args):
if self._rql is not None:
return self._rql(*args)
return self.session.execute(*args)
def create_entity(self, *args, **kwargs):
entity = self.session.create_entity(*args, **kwargs)
self.eids[entity.eid] = entity
self.types.setdefault(args[0], []).append(entity.eid)
return entity
def _put(self, type, item):
query = ('INSERT %s X: ' % type) + ', '.join('X %s %%(%s)s' % (k, k)
for k in item)
return self.rql(query, item)[0][0]
def relate(self, eid_from, rtype, eid_to, inlined=False):
# if reverse relation is found, eids are exchanged
eid_from, rtype, eid_to = super(RQLObjectStore, self).relate(
eid_from, rtype, eid_to)
self.rql('SET X %s Y WHERE X eid %%(x)s, Y eid %%(y)s' % rtype,
{'x': int(eid_from), 'y': int(eid_to)}, ('x', 'y'))
# the import controller ########################################################
class CWImportController(object):
"""Controller of the data import process.
>>> ctl = CWImportController(store)
>>> ctl.generators = list_of_data_generators
>>> ctl.data = dict_of_data_tables
>>> ctl.run()
"""
def __init__(self, store, askerror=0, catcherrors=None, tell=tell,
commitevery=50):
self.store = store
self.generators = None
self.data = {}
self.errors = None
self.askerror = askerror
if catcherrors is None:
catcherrors = askerror
self.catcherrors = catcherrors
self.commitevery = commitevery # set to None to do a single commit
self._tell = tell
def check(self, type, key, value):
self._checks.setdefault(type, {}).setdefault(key, []).append(value)
def check_map(self, entity, key, map, default):
try:
entity[key] = map[entity[key]]
except KeyError:
self.check(key, entity[key], None)
entity[key] = default
def record_error(self, key, msg=None, type=None, value=None, tb=None):
tmp = StringIO()
if type is None:
traceback.print_exc(file=tmp)
else:
traceback.print_exception(type, value, tb, file=tmp)
print tmp.getvalue()
# use a list to avoid counting a <nb lines> errors instead of one
errorlog = self.errors.setdefault(key, [])
if msg is None:
errorlog.append(tmp.getvalue().splitlines())
else:
errorlog.append( (msg, tmp.getvalue().splitlines()) )
def run(self):
self.errors = {}
for func, checks in self.generators:
self._checks = {}
func_name = func.__name__[4:] # XXX
self.tell("Import '%s'..." % func_name)
try:
func(self)
except:
if self.catcherrors:
self.record_error(func_name, 'While calling %s' % func.__name__)
else:
raise
for key, func, title, help in checks:
buckets = self._checks.get(key)
if buckets:
err = func(buckets)
if err:
self.errors[title] = (help, err)
self.store.checkpoint()
nberrors = sum(len(err[1]) for err in self.errors.values())
self.tell('\nImport completed: %i entities, %i types, %i relations and %i errors'
% (self.store.nb_inserted_entities,
self.store.nb_inserted_types,
self.store.nb_inserted_relations,
nberrors))
if self.errors:
if self.askerror == 2 or (self.askerror and confirm('Display errors ?')):
from pprint import pformat
for errkey, error in self.errors.items():
self.tell("\n%s (%s): %d\n" % (error[0], errkey, len(error[1])))
self.tell(pformat(sorted(error[1])))
def get_data(self, key):
return self.data.get(key)
def index(self, name, key, value, unique=False):
"""create a new index
If unique is set to True, only first occurence will be kept not the following ones
"""
if unique:
try:
if value in self.store.indexes[name][key]:
return
except KeyError:
# we're sure that one is the first occurence; so continue...
pass
self.store.indexes.setdefault(name, {}).setdefault(key, []).append(value)
def tell(self, msg):
self._tell(msg)
def iter_and_commit(self, datakey):
"""iter rows, triggering commit every self.commitevery iterations"""
return commit_every(self.commitevery, self.store, self.get_data(datakey))
from datetime import datetime
from cubicweb.schema import META_RTYPES, VIRTUAL_RTYPES
class NoHookRQLObjectStore(RQLObjectStore):
"""ObjectStore that works with an actual RQL repository (production mode)"""
_rql = None # bw compat
def __init__(self, session, metagen=None, baseurl=None):
super(NoHookRQLObjectStore, self).__init__(session)
self.source = session.repo.system_source
self.rschema = session.repo.schema.rschema
self.add_relation = self.source.add_relation
if metagen is None:
metagen = MetaGenerator(session, baseurl)
self.metagen = metagen
self._nb_inserted_entities = 0
self._nb_inserted_types = 0
self._nb_inserted_relations = 0
self.rql = session.unsafe_execute
def create_entity(self, etype, **kwargs):
for k, v in kwargs.iteritems():
kwargs[k] = getattr(v, 'eid', v)
entity, rels = self.metagen.base_etype_dicts(etype)
entity = copy(entity)
entity._related_cache = {}
self.metagen.init_entity(entity)
entity.update(kwargs)
session = self.session
self.source.add_entity(session, entity)
self.source.add_info(session, entity, self.source, complete=False)
for rtype, targeteids in rels.iteritems():
# targeteids may be a single eid or a list of eids
inlined = self.rschema(rtype).inlined
try:
for targeteid in targeteids:
self.add_relation(session, entity.eid, rtype, targeteid,
inlined)
except TypeError:
self.add_relation(session, entity.eid, rtype, targeteids,
inlined)
self._nb_inserted_entities += 1
return entity
def relate(self, eid_from, rtype, eid_to):
assert not rtype.startswith('reverse_')
self.add_relation(self.session, eid_from, rtype, eid_to,
self.rschema(rtype).inlined)
self._nb_inserted_relations += 1
@property
def nb_inserted_entities(self):
return self._nb_inserted_entities
@property
def nb_inserted_types(self):
return self._nb_inserted_types
@property
def nb_inserted_relations(self):
return self._nb_inserted_relations
def _put(self, type, item):
raise RuntimeError('use create entity')
class MetaGenerator(object):
def __init__(self, session, baseurl=None):
self.session = session
self.source = session.repo.system_source
self.time = datetime.now()
if baseurl is None:
config = session.vreg.config
baseurl = config['base-url'] or config.default_base_url()
if not baseurl[-1] == '/':
baseurl += '/'
self.baseurl = baseurl
# attributes/relations shared by all entities of the same type
self.etype_attrs = []
self.etype_rels = []
# attributes/relations specific to each entity
self.entity_attrs = ['eid', 'cwuri']
#self.entity_rels = [] XXX not handled (YAGNI?)
schema = session.vreg.schema
rschema = schema.rschema
for rtype in META_RTYPES:
if rtype in ('eid', 'cwuri') or rtype in VIRTUAL_RTYPES:
continue
if rschema(rtype).final:
self.etype_attrs.append(rtype)
else:
self.etype_rels.append(rtype)
if not schema._eid_index:
# test schema loaded from the fs
self.gen_is = self.test_gen_is
self.gen_is_instance_of = self.test_gen_is_instanceof
@cached
def base_etype_dicts(self, etype):
entity = self.session.vreg['etypes'].etype_class(etype)(self.session)
# entity are "surface" copied, avoid shared dict between copies
del entity.cw_extra_kwargs
for attr in self.etype_attrs:
entity[attr] = self.generate(entity, attr)
rels = {}
for rel in self.etype_rels:
rels[rel] = self.generate(entity, rel)
return entity, rels
def init_entity(self, entity):
for attr in self.entity_attrs:
entity[attr] = self.generate(entity, attr)
entity.eid = entity['eid']
def generate(self, entity, rtype):
return getattr(self, 'gen_%s' % rtype)(entity)
def gen_eid(self, entity):
return self.source.create_eid(self.session)
def gen_cwuri(self, entity):
return u'%seid/%s' % (self.baseurl, entity['eid'])
def gen_creation_date(self, entity):
return self.time
def gen_modification_date(self, entity):
return self.time
def gen_is(self, entity):
return entity.e_schema.eid
def gen_is_instance_of(self, entity):
eids = []
for etype in entity.e_schema.ancestors() + [entity.e_schema]:
eids.append(entity.e_schema.eid)
return eids
def gen_created_by(self, entity):
return self.session.user.eid
def gen_owned_by(self, entity):
return self.session.user.eid
# implementations of gen_is / gen_is_instance_of to use during test where
# schema has been loaded from the fs (hence entity type schema eids are not
# known)
def test_gen_is(self, entity):
from cubicweb.hooks.metadata import eschema_eid
return eschema_eid(self.session, entity.e_schema)
def test_gen_is_instanceof(self, entity):
from cubicweb.hooks.metadata import eschema_eid
eids = []
for eschema in entity.e_schema.ancestors() + [entity.e_schema]:
eids.append(eschema_eid(self.session, eschema))
return eids
################################################################################
utf8csvreader = deprecated('[3.6] use ucsvreader instead')(ucsvreader)
@deprecated('[3.6] use required')
def nonempty(value):
return required(value)
@deprecated("[3.6] use call_check_method('isdigit')")
def alldigits(txt):
if txt.isdigit():
return txt
else:
return u''
@deprecated("[3.7] too specific, will move away, copy me")
def capitalize_if_unicase(txt):
if txt.isupper() or txt.islower():
return txt.capitalize()
return txt
@deprecated("[3.7] too specific, will move away, copy me")
def yesno(value):
"""simple heuristic that returns boolean value
>>> yesno("Yes")
True
>>> yesno("oui")
True
>>> yesno("1")
True
>>> yesno("11")
True
>>> yesno("")
False
>>> yesno("Non")
False
>>> yesno("blablabla")
False
"""
if value:
return value.lower()[0] in 'yo1'
return False
@deprecated("[3.7] use call_check_method('isalpha')")
def isalpha(value):
if value.isalpha():
return value
raise ValueError("not all characters in the string alphabetic")
@deprecated("[3.7] use call_transform_method('upper')")
def uppercase(txt):
return txt.upper()
@deprecated("[3.7] use call_transform_method('lower')")
def lowercase(txt):
return txt.lower()
@deprecated("[3.7] use call_transform_method('replace', ' ', '')")
def no_space(txt):
return txt.replace(' ','')
@deprecated("[3.7] use call_transform_method('replace', u'\xa0', '')")
def no_uspace(txt):
return txt.replace(u'\xa0','')
@deprecated("[3.7] use call_transform_method('replace', '-', '')")
def no_dash(txt):
return txt.replace('-','')
@deprecated("[3.7] use call_transform_method('strip')")
def strip(txt):
return txt.strip()
@deprecated("[3.7] use call_transform_method('replace', ',', '.'), float")
def decimal(value):
return comma_float(value)
@deprecated('[3.7] use int builtin')
def integer(value):
return int(value)