[tox] Update doc testenv to account for documentation restructuring
* Build doc from `doc` directory.
* Use `sphinx-build` directly instead of `make` as this now works and allows
to build within .tox temporary environment (instead of doc/_build),
preferable for a "test" action.
Related to #5447161.
[MESSAGES CONTROL]
disable-msg = C0301
[VARIABLES]
# Enable / disable this checker
enable-variables = yes
additional-builtins = _, display_name
[BASIC]
required-attributes=
attr-rgx = (w|[a-z_][a-z0-9_]{2,30})
variable-rgx = (w|[a-z_][a-z0-9_]{2,30})$
argument-rgx = (w|[a-z_][a-z0-9_]{2,30})$
[TYPECHECK]
generated-members=debug,info,notice,warning,error,critical,exception