doc/book/en/devweb/controllers.rst
branchstable
changeset 5394 105011657405
parent 5266 84f285d96363
child 5400 b7ab099b128a
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/doc/book/en/devweb/controllers.rst	Fri Apr 23 17:31:46 2010 +0200
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+.. _controllers:
+
+Controllers
+-----------
+
+Overview
+++++++++
+
+Controllers are responsible for taking action upon user requests
+(loosely following the terminology of the MVC meta pattern).
+
+The following controllers are provided out-of-the box in CubicWeb. We
+list them by category.
+
+`Browsing`:
+
+* the View controller (web/views/basecontrollers.py) is associated
+  with most browsing actions within a CubicWeb application: it always
+  instantiates a `main template` and lets the ResultSet/Views dispatch
+  system build up the whole content; it handles ObjectNotFound and
+  NoSelectableObject errors that may bubble up to its entry point, in
+  an end-user-friendly way (but other programming errors will slip
+  through)
+
+* the JSon controller (web/views/basecontrollers.py) provides services
+  for Ajax calls, typically using JSON as a serialization format for
+  input, and sometimes using either JSON or XML for output;
+
+* the Login/Logout controllers (web/views/basecontrollers.py) make
+  effective user login or logout requests
+
+`Edition`:
+
+* the Edit controller (see :ref:`edit_controller`) handles CRUD
+  operations in response to a form being submitted; it works in close
+  association with the Forms, to which it delegates some of the work
+
+* the Form validator controller (web/views/basecontrollers.py)
+  provides form validation from Ajax context, using the Edit
+  controller, to implement the classic form handling loop (user edits,
+  hits 'submit/apply', validation occurs server-side by way of the
+  Form validator controller, and the UI is decorated with failure
+  information, either global or per-field , until it is valid)
+
+`Other`:
+
+* the SendMail controller (web/views/basecontrollers.py) is reponsible
+  for outgoing email notifications
+
+* the MailBugReport controller (web/views/basecontrollers.py) allows
+  to quickly have a `repotbug` feature in one's application
+
+Registration
+++++++++++++
+
+All controllers (should) live in the 'controllers' namespace within
+the global registry.
+
+API
++++
+
+Most API details should be resolved by source code inspection, as the
+various controllers have differing goals.
+
+`web/controller.py` contains the top-level abstract Controller class and
+its (NotImplemented) entry point `publish(rset=None)` method.
+
+A handful of helpers are also provided there:
+
+* process_rql builds a result set from an rql query typically issued
+  from the browser (and available through _cw.form['rql'])
+
+* validate_cache will force cache validation handling with respect to
+  the HTTP Cache directives (that were typically originally issued
+  from a previous server -> client response); concrete Controller
+  implementations dealing with HTTP (thus, for instance, not the
+  SendMail controller) may very well call this in their publication
+  process.
+
+
+.. _edit_controller:
+
+The `edit controller`
++++++++++++++++++++++
+
+It can be found in (:mod:`cubicweb.web.views.editcontroller`).
+
+Editing control
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Re-requisites: the parameters related to entities to edit are
+specified as follows ::
+
+  <field name>:<entity eid>
+
+where entity eid could be a letter in case of an entity to create. We
+name those parameters as *qualified*.
+
+1. Retrieval of entities to edit by looking for the forms parameters
+   starting by `eid:` and also having a parameter `__type` associated
+   (also *qualified* by eid)
+
+2. For all the attributes and the relations of an entity to edit:
+
+   1. search for a parameter `edits-<relation name>` or `edito-<relation name>`
+      qualified in the case of a relation where the entity is object
+   2. if found, the value returned is considered as the initial value
+      for this relaiton and we then look for the new value(s)  in the parameter
+      <relation name> (qualified)
+   3. if the value returned is different from the initial value, an database update
+      request is done
+
+3. For each entity to edit:
+
+   1. if a qualified parameter `__linkto` is specified, its value has to be
+      a string (or a list of string) such as: ::
+
+        <relation type>:<eids>:<target>
+
+      where <target> is either `subject` or `object` and each eid could be
+      separated from the others by a `_`. Target specifies if the *edited entity*
+      is subject or object of the relation and each relation specified will
+      be inserted.
+
+    2. if a qualified parameter `__clone_eid` is specified for an entity, the
+       relations of the specified entity passed as value of this parameter are
+       copied on the edited entity.
+
+    3. if a qualified parameter `__delete` is specified, its value must be
+       a string or a list of string such as follows: ::
+
+          <ssubjects eids>:<relation type>:<objects eids>
+
+       where each eid subject or object can be seperated from the other
+       by `_`. Each relation specified will be deleted.
+
+    4. if a qualified parameter `__insert` is specified, its value should
+       follow the same pattern as `__delete`, but each relation specified is
+       inserted.
+
+4. If the parameters `__insert` and/or `__delete` are found not qualified,
+   they are interpreted as explained above (independantly from the number
+   of entities edited).
+
+5. If no entity is edited but the form contains the parameters `__linkto`
+   and `eid`, this one is interpreted by using the value specified for `eid`
+   to designate the entity on which to add the relations.
+
+
+.. note::
+
+   * If the parameter `__action_delete` is found, all the entities specified
+     as to be edited will be deleted.
+
+   * If the parameter `__action_cancel` is found, no action is completed.
+
+   * If the parameter `__action_apply` is found, the editing is
+     applied normally but the redirection is done on the form (see
+     :ref:`RedirectionControl`).
+
+   * The parameter `__method` is also supported as for the main template
+
+   * If no entity is found to be edited and if there is no parameter
+     `__action_delete`, `__action_cancel`, `__linkto`, `__delete` or
+     `__insert`, an error is raised.
+
+   * Using the parameter `__message` in the form will allow to use its value
+     as a message to provide the user once the editing is completed.
+
+
+.. _RedirectionControl:
+
+Redirection control
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+Once editing is completed, there is still an issue left: where should we go
+now? If nothing is specified, the controller will do his job but it does not
+mean we will be happy with the result. We can control that by using the
+following parameters:
+
+* `__redirectpath`: path of the URL (relative to the root URL of the site,
+  no form parameters
+
+* `__redirectparams`: forms parameters to add to the path
+
+* `__redirectrql`: redirection RQL request
+
+* `__redirectvid`: redirection view identifier
+
+* `__errorurl`: initial form URL, used for redirecting in case a validation
+  error is raised during editing. If this one is not specified, an error page
+  is displayed instead of going back to the form (which is, if necessary,
+  responsible for displaying the errors)
+
+* `__form_id`: initial view form identifier, used if `__action_apply` is
+  found
+
+In general we use either `__redirectpath` and `__redirectparams` or
+`__redirectrql` and `__redirectvid`.
+