doc/tutorials/advanced/part03_bfss.rst
author Philippe Pepiot <philippe.pepiot@logilab.fr>
Fri, 05 May 2017 17:57:10 +0200
branch3.25
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child 12209 3a3551fff787
permissions -rw-r--r--
[web/views] delete: show composite entities in predictible order Iterate over relations type in alphabetical order, so the order is predictible dans does not depend on PYTHONHASHSEED.
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Storing images on the file-system
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Step 1: configuring the BytesFileSystem storage
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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To avoid cluttering my database, and to ease file manipulation, I don't want them
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to be stored in the database. I want to be able create File entities for some
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files on the server file system, where those file will be accessed to get
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entities data. To do so I've to set a custom :class:`BytesFileSystemStorage`
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storage for the File 'data' attribute, which hold the actual file's content.
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Since the function to register a custom storage needs to have a repository
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instance as first argument, we've to call it in a server startup hook. So I added
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in `cubes/sytweb/hooks.py` :
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.. sourcecode:: python
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    from os import makedirs
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    from os.path import join, exists
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    from cubicweb.server import hook
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    from cubicweb.server.sources import storages
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    class ServerStartupHook(hook.Hook):
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        __regid__ = 'sytweb.serverstartup'
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        events = ('server_startup', 'server_maintenance')
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        def __call__(self):
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            bfssdir = join(self.repo.config.appdatahome, 'bfss')
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            if not exists(bfssdir):
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                makedirs(bfssdir)
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                print 'created', bfssdir
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            storage = storages.BytesFileSystemStorage(bfssdir)
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            storages.set_attribute_storage(self.repo, 'File', 'data', storage)
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.. Note::
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  * how we built the hook's registry identifier (`__regid__`): you can introduce
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    'namespaces' by using there python module like naming identifiers. This is
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    especially important for hooks where you usually want a new custom hook, not
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    overriding / specializing an existant one, but the concept may be applied to
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    any application objects
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  * we catch two events here: "server_startup" and "server_maintenance". The first
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    is called on regular repository startup (eg, as a server), the other for
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    maintenance task such as shell or upgrade. In both cases, we need to have
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    the storage set, else we'll be in trouble...
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  * the path given to the storage is the place where file added through the ui
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    (or in the database before migration) will be located
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  * beware that by doing this, you can't anymore write queries that will try to
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    restrict on File `data` attribute. Hopefuly we don't do that usually
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    on file's content or more generally on attributes for the Bytes type
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Now, if you've already added some photos through the web ui, you'll have to
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migrate existing data so file's content will be stored on the file-system instead
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of the database. There is a migration command to do so, let's run it in the
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cubicweb shell (in real life, you would have to put it in a migration script as we
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have seen last time):
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::
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   $ cubicweb-ctl shell sytweb_instance
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   entering the migration python shell
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   just type migration commands or arbitrary python code and type ENTER to execute it
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   type "exit" or Ctrl-D to quit the shell and resume operation
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   >>> storage_changed('File', 'data')
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   [........................]
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That's it. Now, files added through the web ui will have their content stored on
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the file-system, and you'll also be able to import files from the file-system as
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explained in the next part.
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Step 2: importing some data into the instance
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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Hey, we start to have some nice features, let us give a try to this new web
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site. For instance if I have a 'photos/201005WePyrenees' containing pictures for
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a particular event, I can import it to my web site by typing ::
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  $ cubicweb-ctl fsimport -F sytweb_instance photos/201005WePyrenees/
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  ** importing directory /home/syt/photos/201005WePyrenees
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  importing IMG_8314.JPG
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  importing IMG_8274.JPG
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  importing IMG_8286.JPG
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  importing IMG_8308.JPG
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  importing IMG_8304.JPG
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.. Note::
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  The -F option means that folders should be mapped, hence my photos will be
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  linked to a Folder entity corresponding to the file-system folder.
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Let's take a look at the web ui:
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.. image:: ../../images/tutos-photowebsite_ui1.png
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Nothing different, I can't see the new folder... But remember our security model!
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By default, files are only accessible to authenticated users, and I'm looking at
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the site as anonymous, e.g. not authenticated. If I login, I can now see:
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.. image:: ../../images/tutos-photowebsite_ui2.png
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Yeah, it's there! You will notice that I can see some entities as well as
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folders and images the anonymous user can't. It just works **everywhere in the
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ui** since it's handled at the repository level, thanks to our security model.
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Now if I click on the recently inserted folder, I can see
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.. image:: ../../images/tutos-photowebsite_ui3.png
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Great! There is even my pictures in the folder. I can know give to this folder a
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nicer name (provided I don't intend to import from it anymore, else already
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imported photos will be reimported), change permissions, title for some pictures,
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etc... Having a good content is much more difficult than having a good web site
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;)
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Conclusion
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~~~~~~~~~~
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We started to see here an advanced feature of our repository: the ability
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to store some parts of our data-model into a custom storage, outside the
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database. There is currently only the :class:`BytesFileSystemStorage` available,
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but you can expect to see more coming in a near future (or write your own!).
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Also, we can know start to feed our web-site with some nice pictures!
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The site isn't perfect (far from it actually) but it's usable, and we can
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now start using it and improve it on the way. The Incremental Cubic Way :)